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<title>Links and flowing text</title>
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<h1>Links and flowing text</h1>
This tutorial explains how to insert links (internal and external) and shows a new text writing
mode. It also contains a basic HTML parser.
<div class="source">
<pre><code>&lt;?php
<span class="kw">require(</span><span class="str">'fpdf.php'</span><span class="kw">);

class </span>PDF <span class="kw">extends </span>FPDF
<span class="kw">{
protected </span>$B <span class="kw">= </span>0<span class="kw">;
protected </span>$I <span class="kw">= </span>0<span class="kw">;
protected </span>$U <span class="kw">= </span>0<span class="kw">;
protected </span>$HREF <span class="kw">= </span><span class="str">''</span><span class="kw">;

function </span>WriteHTML<span class="kw">(</span>$html<span class="kw">)
{
    </span><span class="cmt">// HTML parser
    </span>$html <span class="kw">= </span>str_replace<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">"\n"</span><span class="kw">,</span><span class="str">' '</span><span class="kw">,</span>$html<span class="kw">);
    </span>$a <span class="kw">= </span>preg_split<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">'/&lt;(.*)&gt;/U'</span><span class="kw">,</span>$html<span class="kw">,-</span>1<span class="kw">,</span>PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE<span class="kw">);
    foreach(</span>$a <span class="kw">as </span>$i<span class="kw">=&gt;</span>$e<span class="kw">)
    {
        if(</span>$i<span class="kw">%</span>2<span class="kw">==</span>0<span class="kw">)
        {
            </span><span class="cmt">// Text
            </span><span class="kw">if(</span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>HREF<span class="kw">)
                </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>PutLink<span class="kw">(</span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>HREF<span class="kw">,</span>$e<span class="kw">);
            else
                </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>Write<span class="kw">(</span>5<span class="kw">,</span>$e<span class="kw">);
        }
        else
        {
            </span><span class="cmt">// Tag
            </span><span class="kw">if(</span>$e<span class="kw">[</span>0<span class="kw">]==</span><span class="str">'/'</span><span class="kw">)
                </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>CloseTag<span class="kw">(</span>strtoupper<span class="kw">(</span>substr<span class="kw">(</span>$e<span class="kw">,</span>1<span class="kw">)));
            else
            {
                </span><span class="cmt">// Extract attributes
                </span>$a2 <span class="kw">= </span>explode<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">' '</span><span class="kw">,</span>$e<span class="kw">);
                </span>$tag <span class="kw">= </span>strtoupper<span class="kw">(</span>array_shift<span class="kw">(</span>$a2<span class="kw">));
                </span>$attr <span class="kw">= array();
                foreach(</span>$a2 <span class="kw">as </span>$v<span class="kw">)
                {
                    if(</span>preg_match<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">'/([^=]*)=["\']?([^"\']*)/'</span><span class="kw">,</span>$v<span class="kw">,</span>$a3<span class="kw">))
                        </span>$attr<span class="kw">[</span>strtoupper<span class="kw">(</span>$a3<span class="kw">[</span>1<span class="kw">])] = </span>$a3<span class="kw">[</span>2<span class="kw">];
                }
                </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>OpenTag<span class="kw">(</span>$tag<span class="kw">,</span>$attr<span class="kw">);
            }
        }
    }
}

function </span>OpenTag<span class="kw">(</span>$tag<span class="kw">, </span>$attr<span class="kw">)
{
    </span><span class="cmt">// Opening tag
    </span><span class="kw">if(</span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'B' </span><span class="kw">|| </span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'I' </span><span class="kw">|| </span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'U'</span><span class="kw">)
        </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>SetStyle<span class="kw">(</span>$tag<span class="kw">,</span>true<span class="kw">);
    if(</span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'A'</span><span class="kw">)
        </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>HREF <span class="kw">= </span>$attr<span class="kw">[</span><span class="str">'HREF'</span><span class="kw">];
    if(</span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'BR'</span><span class="kw">)
        </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>Ln<span class="kw">(</span>5<span class="kw">);
}

function </span>CloseTag<span class="kw">(</span>$tag<span class="kw">)
{
    </span><span class="cmt">// Closing tag
    </span><span class="kw">if(</span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'B' </span><span class="kw">|| </span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'I' </span><span class="kw">|| </span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'U'</span><span class="kw">)
        </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>SetStyle<span class="kw">(</span>$tag<span class="kw">,</span>false<span class="kw">);
    if(</span>$tag<span class="kw">==</span><span class="str">'A'</span><span class="kw">)
        </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>HREF <span class="kw">= </span><span class="str">''</span><span class="kw">;
}

function </span>SetStyle<span class="kw">(</span>$tag<span class="kw">, </span>$enable<span class="kw">)
{
    </span><span class="cmt">// Modify style and select corresponding font
    </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>$tag <span class="kw">+= (</span>$enable <span class="kw">? </span>1 <span class="kw">: -</span>1<span class="kw">);
    </span>$style <span class="kw">= </span><span class="str">''</span><span class="kw">;
    foreach(array(</span><span class="str">'B'</span><span class="kw">, </span><span class="str">'I'</span><span class="kw">, </span><span class="str">'U'</span><span class="kw">) as </span>$s<span class="kw">)
    {
        if(</span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>$s<span class="kw">&gt;</span>0<span class="kw">)
            </span>$style <span class="kw">.= </span>$s<span class="kw">;
    }
    </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>SetFont<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">''</span><span class="kw">,</span>$style<span class="kw">);
}

function </span>PutLink<span class="kw">(</span>$URL<span class="kw">, </span>$txt<span class="kw">)
{
    </span><span class="cmt">// Put a hyperlink
    </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>SetTextColor<span class="kw">(</span>0<span class="kw">,</span>0<span class="kw">,</span>255<span class="kw">);
    </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>SetStyle<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">'U'</span><span class="kw">,</span>true<span class="kw">);
    </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>Write<span class="kw">(</span>5<span class="kw">,</span>$txt<span class="kw">,</span>$URL<span class="kw">);
    </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>SetStyle<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">'U'</span><span class="kw">,</span>false<span class="kw">);
    </span>$<span class="kw">this-&gt;</span>SetTextColor<span class="kw">(</span>0<span class="kw">);
}
}

</span>$html <span class="kw">= </span><span class="str">'You can now easily print text mixing different styles: &lt;b&gt;bold&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;italic&lt;/i&gt;,
&lt;u&gt;underlined&lt;/u&gt;, or &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;u&gt;all at once&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;!&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You can also insert links on
text, such as &lt;a href="http://www.fpdf.org"&gt;www.fpdf.org&lt;/a&gt;, or on an image: click on the logo.'</span><span class="kw">;

</span>$pdf <span class="kw">= new </span>PDF<span class="kw">();
</span><span class="cmt">// First page
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>AddPage<span class="kw">();
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>SetFont<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">'Arial'</span><span class="kw">,</span><span class="str">''</span><span class="kw">,</span>20<span class="kw">);
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>Write<span class="kw">(</span>5<span class="kw">,</span><span class="str">"To find out what's new in this tutorial, click "</span><span class="kw">);
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>SetFont<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">''</span><span class="kw">,</span><span class="str">'U'</span><span class="kw">);
</span>$link <span class="kw">= </span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>AddLink<span class="kw">();
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>Write<span class="kw">(</span>5<span class="kw">,</span><span class="str">'here'</span><span class="kw">,</span>$link<span class="kw">);
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>SetFont<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">''</span><span class="kw">);
</span><span class="cmt">// Second page
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>AddPage<span class="kw">();
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>SetLink<span class="kw">(</span>$link<span class="kw">);
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>Image<span class="kw">(</span><span class="str">'logo.png'</span><span class="kw">,</span>10<span class="kw">,</span>12<span class="kw">,</span>30<span class="kw">,</span>0<span class="kw">,</span><span class="str">''</span><span class="kw">,</span><span class="str">'http://www.fpdf.org'</span><span class="kw">);
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>SetLeftMargin<span class="kw">(</span>45<span class="kw">);
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>SetFontSize<span class="kw">(</span>14<span class="kw">);
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>WriteHTML<span class="kw">(</span>$html<span class="kw">);
</span>$pdf<span class="kw">-&gt;</span>Output<span class="kw">();
</span>?&gt;</code></pre>
</div>
<p class='demo'><a href='tuto6.php' target='_blank' class='demo'>[Run]</a></p>
The new method to print text is <a href='../doc/write.htm'>Write()</a>. It's very close to <a href='../doc/multicell.htm'>MultiCell()</a>; the differences are:
<ul>
<li>The end of line is at the right margin and the next line begins at the left one</li>
<li>The current position moves at the end of the text</li>
</ul>
So it allows to write a chunk of text, alter the font style, then continue from the exact
place we left it. On the other hand, you cannot justify it.
<br>
<br>
The method is used on the first page to put a link pointing to the second one. The beginning of
the sentence is written in regular style, then we switch to underline and finish it. The link
is created with <a href='../doc/addlink.htm'>AddLink()</a>, which returns a link identifier. The identifier is
passed as third parameter of Write(). Once the second page is created, we use <a href='../doc/setlink.htm'>SetLink()</a> to
make the link point to the beginning of the current page.
<br>
<br>
Then we put an image with an external link on it. An external link is just a URL. It's passed as
last parameter of <a href='../doc/image.htm'>Image()</a>.
<br>
<br>
Finally, the left margin is moved after the image with <a href='../doc/setleftmargin.htm'>SetLeftMargin()</a> and some text in
HTML format is output. A very simple HTML parser is used for this, based on regular expressions.
Recognized tags are &lt;b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;, &lt;u&gt;, &lt;a&gt; and &lt;br&gt;; the others are
ignored. The parser also makes use of the Write() method. An external link is put the same way as
an internal one (third parameter of Write()). Note that <a href='../doc/cell.htm'>Cell()</a> also allows to put links.
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